Stainless Steel Pipes
Stainless steel pipes are long, hollow cylindrical components used to transport fluids, gases, or solids in a wide range of industrial and commercial systems. Unlike plates or flanges, pipes are designed primarily for the conveyance of materials across distances, often under high pressure or temperature. They are manufactured in two main forms: seamless pipes, which are extruded and have no welded joint (offering higher pressure tolerance), and welded pipes, which are made by rolling and welding flat stainless steel strips. Stainless steel pipes come in different schedules (e.g., SCH 10, 40, 80) that define their wall thickness and pressure rating. These pipes are widely used in industries such as oil & gas, heat exchangers, power generation, water supply, and chemical processing. One of their key advantages is their ability to resist internal scaling and corrosion, even when exposed to aggressive chemicals or high temperatures. Additionally, stainless steel pipes are easy to sanitize, making them ideal for hygienic applications like dairy and pharmaceutical production. They are also available in round, square, and rectangular cross-sections to suit different structural and flow requirements.
Stainless Steel Pipes - Specifications
| Parameter | Description / Options |
|---|---|
| Standard | ASTM A312, ASTM A213, ASTM A269, ASTM A358, EN 10216-5, JIS G3463 |
| Grades | 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 317, 321, 347, 201, 202, 204Cu, 210S, 430, 444, 409, 410, 420, 431, 440C, 17-4 PH (S17400), 15-5 PH (S15500), 15-7 PH (S46500), Alloy 20 (N08020), 904L (N08904), 254SMO (S31254) |
| Type | Seamless (SMLS), Welded (ERW), Cold Drawn, Hot Finished |
| Outside Diameter (OD) | 1/8" to 48" (6 mm to 1219 mm) |
| Wall Thickness | Schedule 5, 10, 40, 80, 160, XXS (as per ASME B36.19M) |
| Length | Random (5–7 m), Fixed (up to 12 m), Custom |
| End Type | Plain End (PE), Beveled End (BE), Threaded (NPT/BSP) |
| Surface Finish | Mill Finish, Pickled & Passivated, Bright Annealed (BA), Polished (Mirror, Satin) |
| Tolerances | ASTM A999 or EN ISO 1127 |
| Pressure Rating | Varies by schedule and temperature (ASME B31.1 / B31.3 guidelines) |
| Testing | Hydrostatic Test, Eddy Current / UT, PMI |
| Certification | EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 (Mill Test Certificate) |
| Applications | Food Processing, Beverage, Pharmaceuticals, Heat Exchangers, HVAC, Chemical Plants |
Mechanical Properties
| Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HB) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 304 | 520 - 750 | 205 - 310 | 40 - 60 | 70 - 90 |
| 304L | 485 - 690 | 170 - 275 | 40 - 60 | 70 - 90 |
| 316 | 515 - 690 | 205 - 275 | 40 - 60 | 70 - 90 |
| 316L | 485 - 690 | 170 - 275 | 40 - 60 | 70 - 90 |
| 317 | 520 - 720 | 220 - 310 | 35 - 55 | 80 - 90 |
| 321 | 520 - 750 | 205 - 310 | 40 - 60 | 70 - 90 |
| 347 | 520 - 750 | 205 - 310 | 40 - 60 | 70 - 90 |
| 201 | 520 - 700 | 275 - 400 | 25 - 40 | 100 - 140 |
| 202 | 520 - 700 | 275 - 400 | 25 - 40 | 100 - 140 |
| 204Cu | 520 - 700 | 275 - 400 | 25 - 40 | 100 - 140 |
| 210S | 600 - 750 | 400 - 550 | 20 - 30 | 150 - 200 |
| 430 | 450 - 600 | 205 - 310 | 20 - 30 | 120 - 160 |
| 444 | 500 - 700 | 250 - 400 | 25 - 35 | 120 - 160 |
| 409 | 400 - 550 | 170 - 275 | 20 - 30 | 120 - 160 |
| 410 | 550 - 750 | 275 - 450 | 20 - 30 | 180 - 230 |
| 420 | 600 - 850 | 300 - 500 | 15 - 25 | 200 - 300 |
| 431 | 850 - 1100 | 450 - 850 | 15 - 25 | 200 - 350 |
| 440C | 700 - 1200 | 500 - 900 | 15 - 25 | 400 - 600 |
| 17-4 PH | 930 - 1250 | 700 - 1100 | 10 - 18 | 320 - 410 |
| 15-5 PH | 900 - 1200 | 700 - 1050 | 10 - 20 | 320 - 400 |
| 15-7 PH | 850 - 1100 | 550 - 900 | 20 - 30 | 300 - 400 |
| Alloy 20 | 515 - 690 | 275 - 415 | 30 - 40 | 120 - 160 |
| 904L | 490 - 690 | 205 - 310 | 30 - 40 | 70 - 90 |
| 254SMO | 620 - 850 | 350 - 500 | 25 - 40 | 140 - 180 |
Chemical Composition:
| Grade | C (max) | Mn (max) | Si (max) | P (max) | S (max) | Cr (%) | Ni (%) | Mo (%) | N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 304 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 18.0–20.0 | 8.0–10.5 | — | — |
| 304L | 0.03 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 18.0–20.0 | 8.0–12.0 | — | — |
| 316 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.0–18.0 | 10.0–14.0 | 2.0–3.0 | — |
| 316L | 0.03 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.0–18.0 | 10.0–14.0 | 2.0–3.0 | — |
| 321 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 17.0–19.0 | 9.0–12.0 | — | — |
| 347 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 17.0–19.0 | 9.0–13.0 | — | — |
| 201 | 0.15 | 5.50–7.50 | 1.00 | 0.060 | 0.030 | 16.0–18.0 | 3.5–5.5 | — | 0.25 max |
| 202 | 0.15 | 7.50–10.0 | 1.00 | 0.060 | 0.030 | 17.0–19.0 | 4.0–6.0 | — | 0.25 max |
| 430 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 16.0–18.0 | — | — | — |
| 410 | 0.15 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 11.5–13.5 | — | — | — |
| 420 | 0.15–0.40 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 12.0–14.0 | — | — | — |
| 440C | 0.95–1.20 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 16.0–18.0 | — | — | — |
| 17-4 PH | 0.07 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.035 | 0.030 | 15.0–17.5 | 3.0–5.0 | — | — |
| Alloy 20 | 0.07 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 19.0–21.0 | 32.0–38.0 | 2.0–3.0 | — |
| 904L | 0.02 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 19.0–23.0 | 23.0–28.0 | 4.0–5.0 | — |
| 254SMO | 0.02 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.030 | 0.010 | 19.5–20.5 | 17.5–18.5 | 6.0–6.5 | 0.18–0.25 |